World news – US – Benoit Mandelbrot: Google celebrates the 96th birthday of the French-American mathematician known as the « father of fractal geometry » with animated doodles – time flyer

Google’s animated doodle celebrates the 96th birthday of French-American mathematician Benoit Mandelbrot, known as the « father of fractal geometry », on November 20, 2020.

Benoit B.. Mandelbrot was born on November 20, 1924 into a Jewish family in Warsaw, Poland, during the Second Polish Republic. He was a Polish-born mathematician, French, and American with broad interests in the practical sciences, in particular seeing what he described as the « art of roughness » of physical phenomena and the « uncontrolled element in life. ».

Benoit Mandelbrot referred to himself as « fractal » and is seen as his contribution to the field of fractal geometry, which included the creation of « fractals » as well as the construction of the theory of « roughness and self-similarity » in nature.

During his first two academic years, Benoit Mandelbrot took private lessons from his uncle who hated learning by heart.. Subsequently, the family’s move to France, the war, and a classmate with his father’s brother, mathematician Szolem Mandelbrojt who moved to Paris around 1920, restricted standard education even further..

In 1936, while Benoit Mandelbrot was 11 years old, the Mandelbrot family immigrated to France from Warsaw, Poland. Mandelbrot went to Lycee Rollin School in Paris until the beginning of World War II, when his family moved to Tolle, France..

Benoit Mandelbrot was assisted by Rabbi David Fiorwerker, Rabbi of Brave-la-Gaillard, to continue his studies. The Nazis were involved in France at the time, and Mandelbrot reviews this period.

After the end of World War II, Benoit Mandelbrot returned to Paris in 1944, and taught at Lycee du Parc in Lyon, and in 1945 to 1947 he went to the Polytechnic School, where he studied under the supervision of Gaston Julia and Paul Levy.

From 1947 to 1949, he was educated at the California Institute of Technology, where he obtained a master’s degree in aeronautics. Returning to France, he obtained his doctorate. Dr. He received his BA in Mathematical Sciences from the University of Paris in 1952.

From 1949 to 1958, Benoit Mandelbrot was an employee of the National Center for Scientific Research. During this time, he spent a year at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, where he was sponsored by John von Neumann.

In 1955, Benoit Mandelbrot married Aliette Cagan and moved to Geneva, Switzerland (to join Jean Piaget at the International Center for Genetic Epistemology) and later to the University of Lille Nord de France.

From 1951 onwards, Benoit Mandelbrot took a look at problems and published scientific papers in mathematics as well as applied fields, for example, information theory, economics, and fluid dynamics.

Benoit Mandelbrot has spent the vast majority of his career in both the United States and France, obtaining dual French and American citizenship. In 1958, the couple moved to the United States where Mandelbrot joined the research team at IBM Thomas J.. Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, New York. Benoit Mandelbrot began his 35-year career at IBM, becoming an IBM Fellow, and periodically taking no-show papers to teach at Harvard.

Benoit Mandelbrot stayed at IBM for 35 years, became a Fellow of IBM, and later an Honorary Fellow. At Harvard University, after publishing his study for U. s. Commodity markets compared to cotton futures, he taught economics and applied science.

As a result of his access to IBM computers, Benoit Mandelbrot was among the first to use computer graphics to create and display fractal geometry images, leading him to unveil the Mandelbrot Collection in 1980. Show how visual complexity can be constructed from straightforward standards. He expressed that things generally seen as « rough », « messy » or « chaotic, » such as fog or beaches, do indeed have a « degree of order. ».

Benoit Mandelbrot’s research career focusing on mathematics and engineering has included commitments to fields such as statistical physics, meteorology, hydrology, geomorphology, anatomy and classification, neuroscience, linguistics, information technology, computer graphics, economics, geology, medicine, physical cosmology, engineering, chaos theory, economic physics, minerals and social sciences.

At the end of his career, Benoit Mandelbrot was the Stirling Professor of Mathematics at Yale University, where he was the oldest professor in Yale history to gain residency. Mandelbrot has also held positions at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, the University of Lille Nord de France, the Institute for Advanced Studies, and the National Center for Scientific Research..

Benoit Mandelbrot is called an artist, visionary and dissident. His informal and enthusiastic method of composition and his focus on visual and engineering instinct (which is supported by the amalgamation of various illustrations) made The Fractal Geometry of Nature accessible to non-professionals.

In 1982, Benoit Mandelbrot expanded and updated his ideas on the fractal geometry of nature. The book began with a popular and far-reaching interest in fractals and was added to chaos theory and various fields of science and mathematics.

Benoit Mandelbrot also laid out his plans for a career in cosmology. In 1974 he gave another illustration of the Olbers paradox (the mystery of the « dark night sky »), showing the results of the fractal theory as a suitable, albeit redundant, solution to the paradox..

Benoit Mandelbrot suggested that if stars in the universe were partially traded (for example, similar to the Cantor dust), then it would not matter to rely on the Big Bang theory to illustrate the paradox.. His model will not prevent the Big Bang, but it will take into account the dark sky regardless of whether the Big Bang takes place.

During his career, Benoit Mandelbrot has received more than 15 honorary doctorates and has worked in numerous scientific journals, in addition to winning many awards.. The Mandelbrot Prizes include the Wolf Prize for Physics in 1993, the Lewis Fry Richardson Prize of the European Geophysical Society in 2000, the Japan Prize in 2003, and the Einstein Lecture of the American Mathematical Society in 2006.. .

The small asteroid 27500 Mandelbrot is named in his honor. In November 1990, he was awarded a Knight in the French Legion of Honor. In December 2005, Mandelbrot was selected to the Patel Fellow at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.

Benoit Mandelbrot was promoted to Officer of the Legion of Honor in January 2006. An honorary degree from Johns Hopkins University was presented to Mandelbrot in exercises beginning in May 2010.

Mandelbrot died of pancreatic cancer at the age of 85 in a nursing home in Cambridge, Massachusetts on October 14, 2010.

The eulogy of Benoit Mandelbrot in The Economist draws attention to his distinction as « a well-known person outside the Academy » and hailed him as the « father of fractal engineering. ». His autobiography, The Fractalist: Memoir of a Scientific Maverick, was published posthumously in 2012.

Benoit Mandelbrot’s pioneering research has made important contributions in a wide range of fields, including physics, finance, medicine, geology, and even art, among various fields.. To respect his contribution in helping us understand our general surroundings, Google referred to the doodles Friday of Benoit Mandelbrot on his 96th birthday..

Current Google doodles show Benoit Mandelbrot standing in front of the board, amidst a lesson on fractals. In the left half of the board, the first letter « O » from « Google » has been replaced by a snowman from Koch, one of the early fractals – found before the word was created – that mathematicians and educators would have easily drawn without evidence from a computer.

Google’s doodles suggest the artist left a Benoit Mandelbrot tie transparent, allowing Mandelbrot’s animation placed on the right half of the board to spread through it.

Going further with doodles, Google Search has included an interactive fractal monitor, where you can zoom in and out the Benoit Mandelbrot mapping, or basically press play and enjoy what can become a core set of mathematical principles.

Benoit Mandelbrot, Fractal, The Fractal Geometry of Nature, Google Doodle, Mathematics